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Scaevola taccada

(Gaertn.) Roxb. (1814)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Goodeniaceae Genus: Scaevola

auaka, auaka (Ni‘ihau), huahekili, naupaka, naupaka kahakai, naupaka kai

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs up to 3 m tall.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades oblanceolate, obovate, or occasionally suborbicular, 5–20 cm long, 5–7 cm wide. Apex rounded and denticulate, the teeth often purple. Base tapering gradually, with tufts of silky white hairs in the axils. Surfaces glabrous or moderately pubescent. Margins often slightly inrolled. Petiolate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in cymes in the upper leaf axils, 1–2 cm long, on silky pubescent pedicels less than 10 mm long, these subtended by paired bracteoles. Flowers bisexual (perfect), strongly irregular. Calyx conspicuous, nearly as long as ovary, the tube ca. 1 mm long, the lobes equal or subequal, narrowly lanceolate, ca. 3–6 mm long, sparsely pubescent. Corolla funnelform–unilabiate, 5–parted, the tube split adaxially, pale yellowish green externally, white or cream-colored within, often with purple streaks on lobes and throat, the tube straight, 8–12 mm long, the lobes lanceolate, 8–12 mm long, margins winged. Stamens 5, distinct ± as long as corolla tube; anthers introrse, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits, the pollen shed from the coherent anthers and collected by the indusium on the outgrowing style. Ovary inferior, ovoid, 2-celled; ovule placentation axile; style exserted and protruding through the adaxially split tube, curved abruptly downward near stigma, 15–18 mm long; stigma 2-lobed or truncate, margins ciliate.

Fruit: Fruit drupaceous; 2–celled; white; compressed–globose; 10–13 mm long; 5–7 mm wide; glabrous. Seeds 1 to numerous; with oily endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 16*; 32

Habitat: Common in coastal sites.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (40)

Lobelia frutescens Mill. (1768)
Lobelia koenigii (Vahl) Saff. (1905)
Lobelia piliplena Kuntze (1891)
Lobelia plumieri Burm.f. (1768)
Lobelia sericea Kuntze (1891)
Lobelia sericea var. koenigii (M.Vahl) Kuntze (1891)
Lobelia taccada Gaertn. (1788)
Lobelia velutina Kuntze (1891)
Roemeria lobelia Dennst. (1818)
Scaevola bela-modagani Schult. (1819)
Scaevola billardierei D.Dietr. (1839)
Scaevola chlorantha De Vriese (1851)
Scaevola fauriei H.Lév. (1911)
Scaevola frutescens (Mill.) K.Krause (1912)
Scaevola frutescens f. glabra (Matsum.) Hatus. (1971)
Scaevola frutescens f. moomomiana O.Deg. & Greenwell (1949)
Scaevola frutescens var. koenigii (Vahl) Domin (1929)
Scaevola frutescens var. sericea (Vahl) Merr. (1912)
Scaevola koenigii Vahl (1794)
Scaevola koenigii var. glabra Matsum. (1900)
Scaevola koenigii var. macrocalyx Miq. (1857)
Scaevola lambertiana De Vriese (1851)
Scaevola lativaga Hance (1852)
Scaevola leschenaultii DC. (1839)
Scaevola lobelia var. sericea (Vahl) Benth. (1852)
Scaevola macrocalyx De Vriese (1851)
Scaevola piliplena Miq. (1857)
Scaevola plumerioides Nutt. (1842)
Scaevola sericea Vahl (1791)
Scaevola sericea f. moomomiana (O.Deg. & Greenwell) O.Deg. & I.Deg. (1958)
Scaevola sericea f. saintjohnii O.Deg. & I.Deg. (1961)
Scaevola sericea var. fauriei (H.Lév.) O.Deg. & I.Deg. (1958)
Scaevola sericea var. taccada (Gaertn.) Makino (1904)
Scaevola taccada f. moomomiana (O.Deg. & Greenwell) T.Yamaz. (1993)
Scaevola taccada f. punicea H.St.John (1978)
Scaevola taccada var. bryanii H.St.John (1975)
Scaevola taccada var. fauriei (H.Lév.) H.St.John (1975)
Scaevola taccada var. sericea (Vahl) H.St.John (1960)
Scaevola taccada var. taccada
Scaevola velutina C.Presl (1831)

Uses and Culture

USES

  • For pains and sores, the taproot bark is combined with salt and applied to affected areas (Chun 1998:40).

  • Fruits eaten occasionally (Krauss 1993:16).

PROPAGATION/CULTIVATION

  • The fruits are fleshy berries. They are white, oblong, and about 1/2 inch long. The seeds are beige, corky and ridged. The inside of the fruit is corky and the fruits are buoyant. They can float for months in the ocean and still germinate after having been in salt water for up to a year. One study showed that the seeds germinated best after 250 days in salt water. (Bornhorst 1996)
  • It is easy to grow Scaevola sericea from seed even without a salt water soak. The seeds need to be removed from the pulp before planting. Lilleeng-Rosenberger suggests ripening the fruit in a plastic bag to soften the pulp. After this, the seeds can be removed from the pulp more easily. This can be done by rubbing the fruits in a strainer under running water. Wash the remaining seeds thoroughly. At this point they can be dried on a paper towel for storing.
  • Soak the seeds in cool water for 24 hours. Plant them about 1/2 inch deep in a well drained potting mix. Koob writes that untreated seeds can take up to 3 months to germinate. (Koob 2000; Lilleeng-Rosenberger 1998; NTBG 1994; Rauch 1997; Wagner 1990)
  • Scaevola sericea is easy to propagate from cuttings. Even large cuttings up to 3 feet long can be rooted. After the cuttings have been made, remove all of the lower leaves and cut the upper leaves in half to minimize water loss. Plant the cuttings in a light well drained potting mix or sandy soil. Keep the medium moist by watering once a day. The cuttings should be rooted in 2 to 3 months. (Bornhorst 1996; Koob 2000; NTBG 1994)
  • Scaevola sericea can be grown from air layers. (Bornhorst 1996; NTBG 1994)
  • In work on another species of Scaevola, S. coriacea Lynch tested explants from apical and axillary buds. Best results were obtained for explants which were grown on half-strength modified (vitamins added) Murashige and Scoog medium for at least 9 weeks. These plantlets were then transfered to a medium containing the growth hormone 6-benzyladenine (BA) at a rate of 1.0 mg/liter. The plantlets spent 5 to 7 weeks on this medium before being transferred back to the basal medium. The hormone affected many of the plantlets which showed abnormal growth patterns such as thickened stems or small, cupped leaves. However, these effects disappeared within the first year of growth. (Lynch1997) [Data from Herring, E. C., & Criley, R. A. (2003). The Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Web Site: Developing a Webbased Information Resource. HortTechnology, 13(3), 545-548. https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/hawnprop/]

Natural History

Statewide Status

Indigenous

Island Status

Mokupāpapa (Kure atoll) Indigenous
Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Indigenous
Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Indigenous
Kaua'i Indigenous
Manawai (Pearl & Hermes Atoll) Indigenous
O'ahu Indigenous
Kapou(Lisianski Island) Indigenous
Molokai Indigenous
Kamole(Laysan Island) Indigenous
Lana'i Indigenous
Kaho'olawe Indigenous
Lalo (French Frigate Shoals) Indigenous
Maui Indigenous
Hawai'i Indigenous

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Hort. Bengal.: 15 (1814)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:788 (Ku, Mi, PH, Li, La, FF, Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, Ka, H [as S. sericea]); Green 1991:121/Shannon et al. 1997:801 (Syn. S. sericea = S. taccada); Staples & Herbst 2005:348 (DESCR); Starr & Starr 2013b (Note: La population reintroduced after natural population destroyed by rabbits in early 1900s); Starr & Martz 1999/Long 2265 BISH (PH†, 1964)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Scaevola taccada W side near beach Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2287 Pearl & Hermes Atoll BISH 1964-09-16
2 Scaevola taccada Kaena Pt betw end of rd & Natural Area Reserve Coastal strand. Preserved_Specimen Annable, C.R. 3135 Oahu BISH 1996-11-13
3 Scaevola taccada Kailua, outside Dune Circle, in the 300 block of Kalaheo in front of #323 Cultivated in the backyard of a house. Preserved_Specimen Staples, G.W. 700 Oahu BISH 1990-09-17
4 Scaevola taccada Pearl & Hermes Reef edge of beach Preserved_Specimen Caum, E.L. 52 Pearl & Hermes Atoll BISH 1923-04-27
5 Scaevola taccada Northeast of Kapoho, mauka of main road and miles from ocean In kipuka of Metrosideros and Dicranopteris. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 31572 Hawaii BISH 1968-01-29
6 Scaevola taccada Moku Mana (N) Over much of the middle of N islet. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 504067 Maui BISH 2005-04-06
7 Scaevola taccada W side sandy, ocean slope Preserved_Specimen Daniel, C.W. 4 Laysan Island BISH 1959-07-24
8 Scaevola taccada Kaluakoi; Kawakiu Road Growing on sand dunes. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 12450 Molokai BISH 1932-12-22
9 Scaevola taccada W coast, central sandy Preserved_Specimen Conant, S. 194 Lisianski Island BISH 1983-08-08
10 Scaevola taccada W shore sandy, near top of beach, with Boerhavia, Eragrostis Preserved_Specimen Skelton, P.C. 412 Lisianski Island BISH 1966-06-19
11 Scaevola taccada Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Campus, Native Hawaiian Garden Cultivated amongst beach strand Hawaiian plants. With Scaevola coreacea, Scaevola gaudichaudii, Gossipium tomentosum, Vitex rotundifolia, Pandanus tectorius, and Sida fallax. Next to hedge of typical Scaevola taccada (see BISH 783519) Preserved_Specimen Walvoord, N. 2024020 Oahu BISH 2024-08-27
12 Scaevola taccada West of Moomomi Arid coastal dunes. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 7728 Molokai BISH 1928-04-25
13 Scaevola taccada Polihale State Park Along the beach. Growing in open near Pluchea-Myoporum-Prosopis. Preserved_Specimen Spence, G. 104 Kauai BISH 1972-11-08
14 Scaevola taccada About .3 km S of Anaehoomalu along coast Anchialine pool with native vegetation of Lycium, Bacopa, Scaevola, Sesuvium and Sporobolus virginicus; also Cocos and Thespesia around margins Preserved_Specimen Price, J.P. 6 Hawaii BISH 2000-07-21
15 Scaevola taccada Lihue: Kaupu Top of ridge. Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 31 Kauai BISH 1909-07-09
16 Scaevola taccada Kahuku Sandy soil.. Coastal plants. Preserved_Specimen Guinto, J. 7 Oahu BISH 1986-02-04
17 Scaevola taccada SE end Sandy Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Niihau BISH 1939-11-01
18 Scaevola taccada Kaalualu Bay near South Point Growing on lava rock and forming dense thickets. Preserved_Specimen Whistler, W.A. 3 Hawaii BISH 1972-04-06
19 Scaevola taccada Back of beach, about 100 yards east of Camp Erdman Associated with Heliotropium, Boerhavia, Fimbristylis, Ipomoea. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 764 Oahu BISH 1967-12-06
20 Scaevola taccada S. Hilo, E of Richardson's Beach Park toward Leleiwi Point rocky coast; with Vigna marina, Vitex rotundifolia, Pandanus tectorius, Thespesia populnea; Casuarina equisetifolia, Cocos nucifera Preserved_Specimen Price, J.P. 75 Hawaii BISH 2001-08-06
21 Scaevola taccada Easternmost Oahu: Makapuu Head Amond lava blocks with Sida fallax, Lipochaeta integrifolia, and Schiedea globosa. Preserved_Specimen Carlquist, S. 2378 Oahu BISH 1966-10-05
22 Scaevola taccada 10 miles east of Kaunakakai Over rocks. Found associated w/Desmanthus, Xanthium and grasses. Preserved_Specimen Ishikawa, S. 141 Molokai BISH 1972-08-31
23 Scaevola taccada Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Campus, Native Hawaiian Garden Cultivated amongst beach strand Hawaiian plants. With Scaevola coreacea, Scaevola gaudichaudii, Gossipium tomentosum, Vitex rotundifolia, Pandanus tectorius, and Sida fallax. Next to hedge of corkless Scaevola taccada (see BISH 783520) Preserved_Specimen Walvoord, N. 2024019 Oahu BISH 2024-08-27
24 Scaevola taccada Laie: Hukilau Beach Sandy soil. Preserved_Specimen Yao, M. 2 Oahu BISH 1968-01-10
25 Scaevola taccada N end near edge of bunchgrass Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6506 Lisianski Island BISH 1980-07-11
26 Scaevola taccada Puna; Wahaula On coastal rocks. Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 2892 Hawaii BISH 1959-06-21
27 Scaevola taccada Camp Mineral rich, damp soil. Preserved_Specimen Al-Bayer, S. Kure Atoll BISH 2018-12-31
28 Scaevola taccada NW side opposite boat enterance sandy, along beach Preserved_Specimen Tsuda, R.T. 489 Laysan Island BISH 1963-12-04
29 Scaevola taccada Laysan Island sides of sand hills Preserved_Specimen Caum, E.L. 1 Laysan Island BISH 1923-04-08
30 Scaevola taccada Green Island Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 2796 Kure Atoll BISH 1964-08-15
31 Scaevola taccada Kekepa Islet Plants growing in soil pockets or in thin soil layer over limestone base. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5864 Oahu BISH 1976-06-06
32 Scaevola taccada Kahuku Near beach. Preserved_Specimen Bishop, B. Oahu BISH 1963-06-02
33 Scaevola taccada E portion open, Eragrostis and Boerhavia Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2244 Kure Atoll BISH 1964-09-14
34 Scaevola taccada Kawaihoa Point, S part Bluff Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Niihau BISH 1939-11-01
35 Scaevola taccada Makapuu Point Lava and sand soil. Coastal plants, tropical. Preserved_Specimen Smith, M. 25 Oahu BISH 1986-03-23
36 Scaevola taccada Mokapu, N shore islet, E of Kalaupapa open basalt, lower slopes, dry; Chenopodium oahuense, Chamaesyce, Diospyros sandwicensis, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Sida fallax, Plumbago zeylanica, Artemisia australis, Schiedea globosa, Melanthera integrifolia, Cassytha filiformis Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 12199 Molokai BISH 2006-11-01
37 Scaevola taccada Degeners' Mokuleia beach home Native to calcareous sand dune. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27708 Oahu BISH 1961-06-27
38 Scaevola taccada Laupahoehoe Point at mouth of intermittent stream, vicinity of Vigna collection #1897 On beach rubble c 10 feet from highwater line. Preserved_Specimen Takeuchi, W.N. 1896 Hawaii BISH 1984-12-29
39 Scaevola taccada Mokeehia Island, off Hakuhee Point, Kahakuloa, West Maui growing in dry, sandy area Preserved_Specimen Kepler, A.K. 15 Maui BISH 1981-07-19
40 Scaevola taccada North Mokulua Islet Abundant on steep slopes and ledges of volcanic ash or weathered tuff. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 27115 Oahu BISH 1946-10-13
41 Scaevola taccada Koolau Poko District; Mokapu Peninsula Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Kaneohe Bay, Pyramid Rock Beach Abundant, forming dense thickets on sand dune back of beach. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 9731 Oahu BISH 1995-12-05
42 Scaevola taccada East Kure Atoll with Eragrostis and Boerhavia in open areas Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2244 Kure Atoll BISH 1964-09-14
43 Scaevola taccada Kalaupapa National Historical Park; coastal area east of lighthouse coastal Preserved_Specimen Wysong, M.L. 451 Molokai BISH 2004-11-18
44 Scaevola taccada Kau District: Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Off Puna Coast trail, very close to Apua Point Growing in open area. Common. Preserved_Specimen Herat, T. 882 Hawaii BISH 1974-07-01
45 Scaevola taccada Hauula Sandy loam soil. Scattered on the beach. Preserved_Specimen Hai, N. 23 Oahu BISH 1975-04-02
46 Scaevola taccada Magic Island On coral sand along lagoon. Preserved_Specimen van Royen, P. 10171 Oahu BISH 1967-08-06
47 Scaevola taccada Along coastal and inland trail in Puuhonua o Honaunau National Historical Park Predominantly exotic vegetation. Area highly modified by ancient Polynesians. Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 10226 Hawaii BISH 1984-04-07
48 Scaevola taccada Pupukea-Kahuku Military Road On coral road gravel, built 2 or 3 years before. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23233 Oahu BISH 1948-12-11
49 Scaevola taccada Mokuleia Top of beach. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 9986 Oahu BISH 1929-11-03
50 Scaevola taccada Makaha ridge road near mile 2.75 In ditch along road through pine planting. Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 1808 Kauai BISH 1986-07-15
51 Scaevola taccada Kaena Point. Along trail from the Mokuleia side. Along coast, near old rusty gate before exclosure gate. With Myoporum sandwicense, Sida fallax, Ruellia brittoniana, Chloris cf. barbata, Leucena leucocephala, Jacquemontia sandwicensis. Preserved_Specimen Kennedy, B. 75 Oahu BISH 2018-12-02
52 Scaevola taccada East Maui, Kaapahu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1771 Maui BISH 1919-12-09
53 Scaevola taccada Honolulu, Bishop Museum Campus, native Hawaiian garden. Preserved_Specimen Kennedy, B. 20171 Oahu BISH 2017-11-09
54 Scaevola taccada Moomomi Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 609 Molokai BISH 1915-05-24
55 Scaevola taccada Koloa District: National Tropical Botanical Garden in Lawai Valley; Mascarene area on west side of Lawai Stream (Shady Medicinal area) Preserved_Specimen Lorence, D.H. 8028 Kauai BISH 1997-07-08
56 Scaevola taccada Mokapu Point; Leeward side of ridge leading to Point Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 1712 Oahu BISH 1964-05-06
57 Scaevola taccada Hauula Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2367 Oahu BISH 1916-06-01
58 Scaevola taccada Punaluu; sea shore Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11319 Hawaii BISH 1931-12-25
59 Scaevola taccada Hoomaluhia Botanical Garden Preserved_Specimen Annable, C.R. 3719 Oahu BISH 1997-09-10
60 Scaevola taccada Mokuleia Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. 277 Oahu BISH 1931-11-15
61 Scaevola taccada Punaluu beach Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 792 Oahu BISH 1908-12-03
62 Scaevola taccada Paomai Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 127 Lanai BISH 1913-09-13
63 Scaevola taccada Moomomi Beach Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 2951 Molokai BISH 1973-04-03
64 Scaevola taccada Maunalua: Makapuu Head Preserved_Specimen Grant, M.L. 7066 Oahu BISH 1934-07-12
65 Scaevola taccada SW portion Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2223 Kure Atoll BISH 1964-09-14
66 Scaevola taccada Lanikai: Mokulua Island (North Island) Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6005 Oahu BISH 1978-02-07
67 Scaevola taccada Kaemi Islet Preserved_Specimen Kepler, A.K. 68 Maui BISH 1982-06-18
68 Scaevola taccada University of Hawaii campus, St. John Hall Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 1223 Oahu BISH 1985-07-18
69 Scaevola taccada Punaluu R.R. Station; Hauula Beach Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 867 Oahu BISH 1908-03-01
70 Scaevola taccada Kaalawai Beach near Leahi Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 15 Oahu BISH 1922-08-02
71 Scaevola taccada Alau Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5040513 Maui BISH 2005-04-05
72 Scaevola taccada 1 mile north of the intersectdion with state route #137 on state route 130 Preserved_Specimen Miller, J.S. 7961 Hawaii BISH 1992-08-07
73 Scaevola taccada Hamoa Preserved_Specimen Handy, E.S. 3328 Maui BISH 1933-07-12
74 Scaevola taccada Moloaa Gulch: 4.5 miles from the sea Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 554 Kauai BISH 1916-10-09
75 Scaevola taccada W Maui District, Kahakuloa, Hulu Island Preserved_Specimen Kepler, A.K. 36 Maui BISH 1981-08-20
76 Scaevola taccada Kaena: Kaena Point, near shore Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. 1401 Oahu BISH 1930-12-14
77 Scaevola taccada Kekepa, Oahu Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 504184 Oahu BISH 2005-04-18
78 Scaevola taccada Hilo; near beach Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 653 Hawaii BISH 1909-05-01
79 Scaevola taccada Kure Atoll Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 1890 Kure Atoll BISH 1961-09-12
80 Scaevola taccada E end Preserved_Specimen Wilder, G.P. 477 Laysan Island BISH 1930-08-10
81 Scaevola taccada Waimea: Polihale Beach Preserved_Specimen Ozaki, E.T. 136 Kauai BISH 1952-12-28
82 Scaevola taccada Oahu Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 315 Oahu BISH 1851-01-01
83 Scaevola taccada Paomai Coast Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 85 Lanai BISH 1913-09-13
84 Scaevola taccada University of Hawaii campus, St. John Hall Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 1223 Oahu BISH 1985-07-18
85 Scaevola taccada Hauula on beach; Punaluu Station Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 868 Oahu BISH 1908-11-14
86 Scaevola taccada Mokupipi, Maui Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 504053 Maui BISH 2005-04-05
87 Scaevola taccada Tern Islet; E half Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6231 French Frigate Shoals BISH 1978-09-11
88 Scaevola taccada Keehi Lagoon: Small sand islet at inner NW corner of triangle formed by seaplane runways Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1936 Oahu BISH 1971-06-13
89 Scaevola taccada Honolulu: Kapalama; Bishop Museum grounds Preserved_Specimen Leu, M. 54 Oahu BISH 1987-11-30
90 Scaevola taccada Waimanalo, Beach Road Preserved_Specimen Cowan, R.S. 635 Oahu BISH 1947-06-22
91 Scaevola taccada Halawa; stone wall on beach Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 12721 Molokai BISH 1932-12-27
92 Scaevola taccada Kahuku, northern tip of island, back-beach flora between golf-course and sea Preserved_Specimen Hutchison, P.C. 2859 Oahu BISH 1967-01-21
93 Scaevola taccada Makapuu Point: Keohikaipu Islet Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 4069 Oahu BISH 1967-08-10
94 Scaevola taccada Mokulua South, Oahu. West slope near landing and slopes of north east and S sides Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5022327 Oahu BISH 2005-02-23
95 Scaevola taccada SW portion Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2223 Kure Atoll BISH 1964-09-14
96 Scaevola taccada Moomomi; Moomomi Beach Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5102 Molokai BISH 1974-11-12
97 Scaevola taccada Paomai Coast Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 85 Lanai BISH 1913-09-13
98 Scaevola taccada Kure Atoll Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 1871 Kure Atoll BISH 1961-09-12
99 Scaevola taccada Koolau Range, north of Blow Hole on beach Preserved_Specimen Onouye, R. Oahu BISH 1934-04-04
100 Scaevola taccada SW edge of lagoon Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6526 Laysan Island BISH 1980-07-13
101 Scaevola taccada Naupaka; Puako, along road bordering L.Theveuin's lot Preserved_Specimen Tabrah, F. Hawaii BISH 1966-09-01
102 Scaevola taccada Beach between Diamond Head and Koko Head Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1908-12-04
103 Scaevola taccada Laysan Preserved_Specimen Bryan, W.A. Laysan Island BISH 1911-05-01
104 Scaevola taccada Islet off Malaekahana-Mokuauia Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1938-06-19
105 Scaevola taccada Glenwood Preserved_Specimen (Not on sheet) Hawaii BISH
106 Scaevola taccada Hauula Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1908-11-19
107 Scaevola taccada Mokuauia Island, near Laie Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Oahu BISH 1977-11-12
108 Scaevola taccada Molokai Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Molokai BISH 1909-01-01
109 Scaevola taccada Kaena: Kaena Point Preserved_Specimen Kondo, Y. Oahu BISH 1958-05-03
110 Scaevola taccada Niihau Preserved_Specimen Stokes, J.F.G. Niihau BISH 1912-01-01
111 Scaevola taccada Tern Islet Preserved_Specimen Rainwater, H.I. French Frigate Shoals BISH 1953-10-29
112 Scaevola taccada Kaena Preserved_Specimen (Not on sheet) Oahu BISH 1958-04-01
113 Scaevola taccada Laysan Preserved_Specimen Schauinsland, H.H. Laysan Island BISH 1896-12-07
114 Scaevola taccada Hilo Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Hawaii BISH
115 Scaevola taccada Puna; Olea Preserved_Specimen Pukui, M.K. Hawaii BISH 1931-01-01
116 Scaevola taccada unknown Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. BISH 1865-07-01
117 Scaevola taccada unknown Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 248 BISH 1864-01-01
118 Scaevola taccada Kauai Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Kauai BISH
119 Scaevola taccada Tern Islet Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 1656 French Frigate Shoals BISH 1961-09-02
120 Scaevola taccada unknown Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 14073 Molokai BISH
121 Scaevola taccada Paomai, Lanai coast Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 528 Lanai BISH 1930-01-28
122 Scaevola taccada South Kona District: In the ahupuaa of Kapua; Kapua Bay and surrounding areas Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 7710 Hawaii BISH 1977-07-01
123 Scaevola taccada Lanikai: Popoia Island Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6033 Oahu BISH 1978-02-07
124 Scaevola taccada Waimea Arboretum Preserved_Specimen Miller, J.S. 7818 Oahu BISH 1992-07-28
125 Scaevola taccada Oahu Preserved_Specimen Kamae, K.K. 30 Oahu BISH 1967-04-26
126 Scaevola taccada Keopuka, Maui on lower platform of island Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5040532 Maui BISH 2005-04-05
127 Scaevola taccada Napali Coast; Hanakapiai In Pandanus forest. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10906 Kauai BISH 1930-12-31
128 Scaevola taccada N end patches near the edge of the bunchgrass association Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6505 Lisianski Island BISH 1980-07-11
129 Scaevola taccada Magic Island beach On coral sand along lagoon. Preserved_Specimen van Royen, P. 10171 Oahu BISH 1967-08-06
130 Scaevola taccada S shore sand Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2265 Pearl & Hermes Atoll BISH 1964-09-16
131 Scaevola taccada W shore crest of beach, and inland; seaward of Casuarina, and with Eragrostis, Fimbristylis, Nicotiana, Tribulus Preserved_Specimen Young, A.L. 153 Laysan Island BISH 1964-09-17
132 Scaevola taccada Hauula Growing almost at water's edge along sandy beach. Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 481 Oahu BISH 1920-07-04
133 Scaevola taccada Kailua, outside Dune Circle, in the 300 block of Kalaheo in front of #323 Cultivated in the backyard of a house. Preserved_Specimen Staples, G.W. 700 Oahu BISH 1990-09-17
134 Scaevola taccada Honolulu: 2640 Dole Street, about 100 yards below the Dole St. bridge over Manoa Stream Growing in a hedge planting. Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1365 Oahu BISH 1963-10-22
135 Scaevola taccada Haupu; (Hoary Head Mts.); Kipu Reforested area. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13634 Kauai BISH 1933-12-25
136 Scaevola taccada SE Island, W portion with Boerhavia, Tribulus, Lepidium, 10 m from sea Preserved_Specimen Young, A.L. 97 Pearl & Hermes Atoll BISH 1964-08-17
137 Scaevola taccada Mokuauia In sand, common. Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 1742 Oahu BISH 1964-05-16
138 Scaevola taccada Laupahoehoe section of the Hilo Forest Reserve Associations composed primarily of Metrosideros, Coprosma, Antidesma, Sadleria, Freycinetia. Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6255 Hawaii BISH 1970-01-05
139 Scaevola taccada Kaaawa Forming a dense colony 60 feet by 15 feet in extent on a sand beach. Preserved_Specimen Urata, U. Oahu BISH 1953-01-03
140 Scaevola taccada Kaiolohia Bay, beach, N Lanai Forming large mat, up to 0.5 meters tall, growing near clumps of Prosopis. Preserved_Specimen Spence, G. 304 Lanai BISH 1973-10-18
141 Scaevola taccada Mokulua (North Islet); west side Slope just above beach area. Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 1652 Oahu BISH 1964-05-01
142 Scaevola taccada S end of runway sand Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2230 Kure Atoll BISH 1964-09-14
143 Scaevola taccada Haleiwa Among bushes, widely scattered. Sandy soil. Preserved_Specimen Aki, J. 52 Oahu BISH 1969-11-03
144 Scaevola taccada About 2 km WSW of Kalani, Moomomi sand strip, directly S of Kaa, Kaluakoi On loose and consolidated calcareous sand. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 29566 Molokai BISH 1948-02-22
145 Scaevola taccada W shore seaward of Casuarina, with Eragrostis, Fimbristylis, Nicotiana and Tribulus, crest of beach, inland Preserved_Specimen Young, A.L. 153 Laysan Island BISH 1964-09-17
146 Scaevola taccada Kahuku: Turtle Bay Hotel Shoreline/coastal shorevines. Grows clump to the ground. Sandy soil. Preserved_Specimen Sanchez, S. 8 Oahu BISH 1986-03-24
147 Scaevola taccada Hanopu near Lihue On very top of ridge (very strange place for this sea beach plant). Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 31 Kauai BISH 1909-07-09
148 Scaevola taccada Laupahoehoe section of the Hilo Forest Reserve Associations composed primarily of Metrosideros, Coprosma, Antidesma, Sadleria, Freycinetia. Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6255 Hawaii BISH 1970-01-05
149 Scaevola taccada Laie: CCH, Outside language lab Lined along building. Loam soil. Preserved_Specimen Ayakawa, G.T. 28 Oahu BISH 1967-05-17
150 Scaevola taccada Poaiwa, coast Windswept, sandy coast. Not common. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 28611 Lanai BISH 1963-07-24
151 Scaevola taccada Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Near a Casuarina tree in sandy soil. Preserved_Specimen Conant, S. 180 Laysan Island BISH 1983-07-25
152 Scaevola taccada Keaukaha; along Nene Street, 100 yards from dead end Found associated w/Melastoma, Trema, Nephrolepis and Psidium on old Pahoehoe lava beds. Preserved_Specimen Ishikawa, S. 223 Hawaii BISH 1973-01-12
153 Scaevola taccada W beach 100' in, level terrace, with Ipomoea indica, Eragrostis, Boerhavia Preserved_Specimen Shelton, P.C. 413 Lisianski Island BISH 1966-06-19
154 Scaevola taccada Poooneone Sand dunes near beach Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 22745 Niihau BISH 1947-08-12
155 Scaevola taccada Waioli Valley, about 2.5 miles from the sea Growing in uluhe fern. Preserved_Specimen MacDaniels, L.H. 904 Kauai BISH 1927-02-27
156 Scaevola taccada Oahu Near shore, in coral sand. Preserved_Specimen Brown, F.B.H. Oahu BISH 1920-10-09
157 Scaevola taccada Koloa, 0.75 mile north of Laaukahi Crest of ridge. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23027 Kauai BISH 1947-12-24
158 Scaevola taccada Along beach off Waiehu Beach Road In dense thickets to 4 feet. Associated w/Passiflora foetida, Ipomoea, Messerschmidia. Preserved_Specimen Ishikawa, S. 161 Maui BISH 1972-10-16
159 Scaevola taccada About 2 km WSW of Kalani, Moomomi sand strip, directly S of Kaa, Kaluakoi on loose and consolidated calcareous sand. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 29566 Molokai BISH 1948-02-22
160 Scaevola taccada Laie Common along coastal areas in Hawaii. Preserved_Specimen Brandow, C.T. 41 Oahu BISH 1967-05-05
161 Scaevola taccada E end sand Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2345 Lisianski Island BISH 1964-09-18
162 Scaevola taccada Green Island outer edge, dunes Preserved_Specimen Clay, H.F. Kure Atoll BISH 1959-10-03
163 Scaevola taccada Paomai, Kanaele Sand dunes. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 18831 Lanai BISH 1938-04-13
164 Scaevola taccada SW side of runway sand Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2250 Kure Atoll BISH 1964-09-14
165 Scaevola taccada Kalepa Forest Reserve, Kalepa Ridge Secondary vegetation. W/ Urochloa, Syzygium, Schinus, Passiflora, Stachytarpheta and Desmodium Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 7820 Kauai BISH 2014-07-01
166 Scaevola taccada East Maui, Hana District, Kalahu Point. PTBG Kahanu Garden Cultivated area around Piilanihale Heiau in remnant Pandanus forest. Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 2481 Maui BISH 1987-10-20
167 Scaevola taccada NE beach 2 patches. Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. 735 Kahoolawe BISH 1931-02-15
168 Scaevola taccada East Maui, Makawao District, Papakea District, near La Perouse Bay On sandy flats. Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 586 Maui BISH 1983-11-20
169 Scaevola taccada North Kohala District: Pololu Valley Top of bluffs. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 25488 Hawaii BISH 1954-12-30
170 Scaevola taccada Kapapa Islet, Kaneohe Bay raised coral reef, shallow sandy soil Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6132 Oahu BISH 1978-05-24
171 Scaevola taccada Kaluaaha, Niaupala Fishpond Seashore. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 19948 Molokai BISH 1939-01-02
172 Scaevola taccada Hulu, Maui. On the north slope of the lowest part of the island One patch on the north slope of the lowest part of the island. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5040422 Maui BISH 2005-04-04
173 Scaevola taccada Northern end of Makapu Peninsula Abundant on high dunes of shell fragments. Preserved_Specimen Harris, J.A. 242071 Oahu BISH 1924-08-20
174 Scaevola taccada Lisianski Island top of beach, slightly into interior, with Eragrostis, Boerhaavia, Portulaca Preserved_Specimen Young, A.L. 131 Lisianski Island BISH 1964-08-21
175 Scaevola taccada Haena; Maunapuluo Dry open headland overlooking ocean. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13872 Kauai BISH 1933-12-30
176 Scaevola taccada Mokolii Locally abundant on the N tip forming low shrubs near the coast. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5041933 Oahu BISH 2005-04-19
177 Scaevola taccada Kohala Ditch Trail Steep slopes near sea. Preserved_Specimen MacDaniels, L.H. 334 Hawaii BISH 1926-12-06
178 Scaevola taccada Kapapa, Oahu A few patches. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 5041847 Oahu BISH 2005-04-18
179 Scaevola taccada Laaukahi; Koloa (Hoary Head Range) On grassy slope. In woods with Metrosideros and Pandanus. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13464 Kauai BISH 1933-12-22
180 Scaevola taccada Puu Ku Dominant. Found all over the islet. Also observed on tallest rock west of Puu Ku where it was scattered on nearly sheer walls and on summit. Preserved_Specimen Starr, F. 6042205 Maui BISH 2006-04-22
181 Scaevola taccada Waimea District: Nualolo Kai Top of beach, common. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 26694 Kauai BISH 1965-04-24
182 Scaevola taccada W of lagoon sand Preserved_Specimen Long, C.R. 2402 Laysan Island BISH 1964-09-19
183 Scaevola taccada East Maui, Hana District, E of Hana Bay, near Puuku Island lighthouse Forming patches 2-4 feet high, 10 feet thick along shore. Common. Preserved_Specimen Henrickson, J.S. 3730 Maui BISH 1969-06-26
184 Scaevola taccada Waimea Arboretum In dappled shade. Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 2652 Oahu BISH 1986-07-21
185 Scaevola taccada Hauula Beach. Preserved_Specimen Hume, E.P. 246 Oahu BISH 1931-10-15
186 Scaevola taccada East side of Wailau Valley Along boulder-covered shore in rainy climate. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 7732 Molokai BISH 1928-08-11
187 Scaevola taccada Kailua, outside Dune Circle, in the 300 block of Kalaheo in front of #323 Cultivated in the backyard of a house. Preserved_Specimen Staples, G.W. 700 Oahu BISH 1990-09-17
188 Scaevola taccada Punaluu Shore. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 869 Oahu BISH 1908-11-14
189 Scaevola taccada Omoe, in woods on both sides of terminal ridge In woods. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27313 Kauai BISH 1961-03-16
190 Scaevola taccada BYU-Laie Campus Clay loam soil. Grows wild on beaches. Preserved_Specimen Elia, H.V.K. 30 Oahu BISH 1971-04-23
191 Scaevola taccada Kau District: Kaulani, green beach On basalt talus Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 25386 Hawaii BISH 1954-12-21
192 Scaevola taccada Kalepa Ridge Windward side of northern part of the ridge. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1977-07-20
193 Scaevola taccada Kalihikai: Wainini Beach At top of beach. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13987 Kauai BISH 1934-01-02
194 Scaevola taccada Hoalulu Valley: Hanakapiai On precipitous shore. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23166 Kauai BISH 1948-01-01
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